Here's a quick example of an AQM. What you see in China might be a slightly different format, but the basics are the same. The grey boxes reflect the fact that you can't find a defect before it happens. Each time an operator finds a no good part, they will put a tick mark in the appropriate box. For example, if the bearing press created a bad part, and it was discovered at the packing station, the tick goes in the top right box.
As a note, while the primary objective is to eliminate manufacturing defects altogether, the second goal is to get all the tick marks in the boxes with bold outlines - this means that each defect is found at the station where it was created, preventing the bad part from getting further downstream and causing more waste.
Our example tells us the following: We really need to fix station 20 because it builds a lot of rejects. We also need to increase defect detection at station 20, because the defects are moving downstream and having more parts added before the bad part is scrapped. The same holds true for station 10, to a lesser extent.
Please note, as I said before, it's important to have the operators label the bad parts so the engineers can see WHAT rejects are being generated. I've seen this done using an AQM cart, which is a cart with compartments set up just like the matrix. The operator just drops the bad part into the appropriate compartment. That works really well for building small components but if you were making something large, like a dashboard, it becomes impractical - the cart would have to be huge!